- Nicosia is the capital and largest city of Cyprus, an island country in the eastern Mediterranean. It is located in the central part of the island and serves as the administrative, cultural, and financial center of Cyprus. Nicosia is divided into two parts: the Greek Cypriot-controlled southern part and the Turkish Cypriot-controlled northern part. The city has a rich history dating back to ancient times, with archaeological findings indicating human settlement in the area since the Bronze Age. Today, Nicosia is known for its historic architecture, museums, bustling markets, and vibrant nightlife.