- London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom. It is a global city and a major financial, cultural, and political hub. Located on the River Thames, London has a rich history dating back over 2,000 years. It is known for its iconic landmarks, including the Tower Bridge, Buckingham Palace, the British Museum, and the Houses of Parliament. The city is also famous for its diverse population, vibrant arts and music scene, and world-class shopping and dining options. London is a popular tourist destination and attracts millions of visitors each year.