- Gaya is a city in the Indian state of Bihar. It is located on the banks of the Phalgu River and is known for its rich history and cultural heritage. Gaya is considered one of the holiest cities in Hinduism as it is believed to be the place where Gautama Buddha attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree. The Mahabodhi Temple in Gaya is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and attracts thousands of pilgrims from all over the world. Apart from the religious significance, Gaya is also a major pilgrimage site for Buddhists and Jains, with numerous other temples and monasteries in the city. Gaya is well-connected by rail, road, and air and also serves as a gateway to Bodh Gaya, another important pilgrimage destination for Buddhists.