- Gafsa is a city located in western Tunisia. It is the capital of the Gafsa Governorate and has a population of around 100,000 people. Gafsa is known for its phosphate mining industry, as it is one of the main phosphate-producing regions in Tunisia. The city has a desert climate with hot summers and mild winters. Gafsa is also home to natural attractions such as the Atlas Mountains and the nearby oasis of Tozeur.