- Dammam is a city in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. It is the capital of the region and a major economic hub in the country. Dammam is located on the Arabian Gulf coast and is known for its oil industry. It is home to the headquarters of Saudi Aramco, the largest oil company in the world. The city has a population of over 1 million people and is a center for commerce, industry, and education in the region. Dammam has a hot desert climate, with extremely high temperatures during the summer months. The city is also known for its modern infrastructure, shopping malls, and cultural attractions.